Health benefits of drinking lemon water every day

The Lemon water provides vitamin C and nutrients that boost immunity, aid weight loss, and prevent kidney stones.

A glass of juice squeezed from 48g of lemon contains 10.6 calories, according to health information website Healthline. It provides 21% of the daily value of vitamin C, 2% folate, 1% potassium, 1% vitamin B1, 1% vitamin B5, and 0.5% vitamin B2.

Provides hydration
Drinking lemon water regularly helps maintain hydration, which is essential for overall health. Adults need 1.8 to 2 liters of water daily to prevent dehydration. Symptoms of dehydration include fatigue, excessive thirst, dry skin and lips, headache, rapid heartbeat, overheating, and constipation. Adding lemon juice to water can be a healthy way to stay hydrated.

Boosts vitamin C intake
Lemon is high in vitamin C, an antioxidant that protects cells from free radicals, which can cause inflammation and other diseases. Vitamin C also supports collagen and L-carnitine production, protein metabolism, antioxidant regeneration, iron absorption, hormone production, and may slow the development of some cancers and heart diseases. Low vitamin C intake can increase infection risk, cause dry skin, eyes and mouth, fatigue, insomnia, and tooth loss.

Supports weight loss
Drinking lemon water can increase overall water intake, which helps create a feeling of fullness as well as enhance metabolism. It is low in calories, easy to prepare, and can replace high-calorie beverages in supporting weight management and overall health.

Replaces sugary drinks
Lemon water is a natural, healthy alternative to sugary beverages that can help curb sugar cravings. Frequent consumption of sugary drinks is linked to weight gain, obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, tooth decay, and gout.

Reduces kidney stone formation
Citric acid in lemon water can help prevent kidney stones by increasing urine volume and pH levels, which create an environment less favorable for stone formation. People who have had kidney stones can mix 113 ml of lemon juice with water as a dietary supplement alongside medication to prevent recurrence. Citrate, a component of citric acid, can reduce urine acidity and may help break down small stones.

Supports digestion
Drinking lemon water before meals may improve digestion. Citric acid stimulates stomach acid production, which helps break down food. People with stomach issues should be cautious when drinking lemon water on an empty stomach.
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The top 10 coffee-consuming countries

Around the world, coffee is more than an average beverage. It's a ritual, a comfort, and for many, a necessity. This beloved drink unites coffee enthusiasts worldwide, who consume it in astounding quantities. Curious to know which countries lead the pack in coffee consumption? With data sourced from World Atlas, let’s explore the top ten coffee-consuming nations.

1) Canada: 14.33 lbs (6.5 kg) per capita
Rounding out the top ten, Canada is the only non-European country on the list, with an annual consumption of 14.33 lbs per person. Canadian coffee culture is robust, with a mix of popular international chains, Tim Horton's, and cherished local coffee shops that keep the urban centers buzzing and the rural areas warmly caffeinated.

2) Luxembourg: 14.33 lbs (6.5 kg) per capita
Despite its small size, Luxembourg packs a big punch in coffee consumption, averaging 14.33 lbs per capita each year. The country’s cosmopolitan nature is reflected in its diverse coffee scene, where traditional European coffee meets modern, third-wave brewing techniques.

3) Belgium: 15 lbs (6.8 kg) per capita
Belgium might be famous for its chocolate and beer, but it also has a profound coffee culture with an annual consumption of 15 lbs per capita. Belgian coffee is often enjoyed alongside rich pastries or chocolates, making every coffee break a luxurious experience.

4) Switzerland: 17.42 lbs (7.9 kg) per capita
In Switzerland, where 17.42 lbs of coffee are consumed per person annually, coffee is both a personal pleasure and a public passion. Swiss cafes are renowned for their quality and innovation, especially in the use of espresso machines. The popular "caffè crema" is a testament to Swiss precision in coffee brewing.

5) Sweden: 18 lbs (8.2 kg) per capita©
Sweden’s tradition of "fika" — taking a coffee break — is a testament to the country’s love for coffee, with Swedes consuming 18 lbs per person per year. Coffee in Sweden, like in other countries, is a reason to pause and enjoy life's little moments, which can be made even better by pastries known locally as "fika bread."

6) Netherlands: 18.52 lbs (8.4 kg) per capita
The Netherlands has a rich coffee history, consuming 18.52 lbs of coffee per capita annually. Dutch coffee culture includes the unique 'Koffietijd' or coffee time, which involves savoring coffee with cookies or cakes. Historically, the Dutch played a crucial role in spreading coffee across the world through their colonial activities, particularly in Java and Suriname.

7) Denmark: 19.18 lbs (8.7 kg) per capita
With an average consumption of 19.18 lbs per person annually, Denmark knows its coffee well. The Danish coffee scene is characterized by its "hygge" (coziness) particularly in the way coffee is enjoyed slowly with friends and family. The country's historic coffee houses and modern cafes continue to be favored spots for socializing over a warm cup.

8) Iceland: 19.84 lbs (9 kg) per capita
Icelanders are passionate about their coffee, consuming 19.84 lbs per capita each year. In Iceland, independent coffee shops thrive, particularly in Reykjavik, where coffee drinking is considered a crucial part of daily social interactions. The lack of international coffee chain stores speaks volumes about the local commitment to unique and high-quality coffee experiences.

9) Norway: 21.82 lbs (9.9 kg) per capita
Norway's coffee culture is deeply ingrained, with 21.82 lbs consumed per person each year. The traditional Norwegian coffee, often served black, is a staple at breakfast and during "kaffepause," a break that centers around coffee. In Norway, coffee is also a way to welcome guests and treat oneself during the cold, dark winters.

10) Finland: 26.45 lbs (12 kg) per capita
The average Finn consumes about 26.45 lbs of coffee annually, mostly through a traditional brewing method that emphasizes a very light roast. Finnish coffee culture includes the famous "kahvila" or coffee break, which is an essential part of daily life and often accompanied by a sweet treat or sandwich.

Top 10 largest landlocked countries in the world

A landlocked country is one that does not have any coastline or direct access to an ocean. This geographical trait often brings political and economic challenges, such as limited access to vital maritime resources like fishing, oil, and gas. It also restricts opportunities for international trade, which are essential for growth and development. However, being landlocked can also provide some benefits. It can act as a natural barrier against cheap imports, helping to strengthen local industries and food systems.

The impact of being landlocked varies depending on a country's level of development, available trade routes, language, ease of business, and other factors. While some European landlocked nations are wealthy, many in Africa, Asia, and South America are still developing.

There are currently 44 landlocked countries worldwide, and this gallery highlights top ten largest by land area. Please find below;

1) Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world. The Central Asian country spans over a massive area of approximately 2.7 million square kilometers. It is surrounded by five countries: Russia in the north and west, China in the east, Kyrgyzstan in the southeast, Uzbekistan in the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest. It is also the ninth-largest country in the world. Sources: (World Atlas) (World Population Review) (ThoughtCo)

2) Mongolia
Mongolia is the second-largest landlocked country in the world. It has a total area of approximately 1.6 million square kilometers. It is surrounded by Russia to the north and China to the south. Though it has a population of 3.5 million, it is the world’s most sparsely populated sovereign state, with almost half of the population living in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar.

3) Chad
Chad is the third-largest landlocked country in the world, and the fifth-largest country in Africa. It has a total area of approximately 1.3 million square kilometers. It has six neighboring countries: Libya in the north, Sudan in the east, Central African Republic in the south, Cameroon and Nigeria in the southwest, and Niger to the west. It has an exceptionally diverse culture with over 200 ethnic and linguistic groups.

4) Niger
Niger is a landlocked country in the Western part of Africa. It covers an area of approximately 1.27 million square kilometers, and is the second-largest landlocked country in Africa. It is bordered by Algeria in the northwest, Libya in the northeast, Chad in the east, Nigeria to the south, Benin and Burkina Faso to the southwest, and Mali to the west. The Sahara region covers almost 80% of the country.

5) Mali
A landlocked country in Africa, Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa. It covers an area of approximately 1.2 million square kilometers. It is surrounded by a total of seven countries. To the north is Algeria, to the east is Niger, to the northwest is Mauritania, to the south are Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast, and Guinea and Senegal in the west.

6) Ethiopia
Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It covers a land area of approximately 1.1 million square kilometers. Ethiopia shares its borders with Eritrea in the north, Djibouti in the northeast, Somalia in the east, Kenya in the south, South Sudan in the west, and Sudan in the northwest. With a population of 132 million, it is the second-most populous African country, after Nigeria.

7) Bolivia
The landlocked country is located in the central region of South America. Covering an area of approximately 1.05 million square kilometers, it is the fifth largest country in South America.

It is surrounded by Brazil in the north and east, Paraguay in the southeast, Argentina in the south, Chile in the southwest, and Peru in the west. It has diverse geography with Andean plateaus, Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, and mountain ranges.

8) Zambia
Zambia is located in the Southern part of Africa. A diverse country with abundant wildlife, arable land, wildlife, and freshwater, it covers a total area of approximately 752,600 square kilometers. It shares its borders with eight countries. These are the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the north, Tanzania in the northeast, Malawi in the east, Mozambique in the southeast, Zimbabwe and Botswana in the south, Namibia in the southwest, and Angola in the west.

9) Afghanistan
Afghanistan is located at the intersection of Central and South Asia. The country occupies a total area of approximately 652,864 square kilometers. It shares its borders with six countries. These are Pakistan in the east and south, Iran in the west, Turkmenistan in the northwest, Uzbekistan in the north, Tajikistan in the northeast, and China in the northeast and east.

10) Central African Republic
The Central African Republic is a landlocked country located in Central Africa. It covers an area of about approximately 620,000 square kilometers. It is home to more than 80 ethnic groups and is rich in natural resources such as uranium reserves, gold, diamonds, crude oil, and cobalt. It is surrounded by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, the Republic of the Congo to the southwest, and Cameroon to the west.

Top 10 Longest Rivers in the World

Rivers have been pivotal to the birth and success of human civilization. Thousands of years ago, early settlements formed along their banks due to the fresh water, fertile soil, and easy travel routes. Many cultures came to see rivers as sacred, worshipping them as life-giving deities.

These waterways do far more than support communities. They traverse through mountains, deserts, and icy plains, carrying nutrients that nourish forests and wildlife. From small villages to large cities, rivers have shaped trade, farming, and entire economies. here you can find the world’s longest rivers in the world.

1. Nile River
The Longest River in the world is Nile River, 4,132 miles Approximately 6,650km. The river has supported human civilization for thousands of years, especially in ancient Egypt. Millions of people still depend on it for water, farming, and transportation, with its fertile soil used for growing crops even in desert areas.
Source: (Encyclopedia Britannica) (Visual Capitalist) (The Weather Channel)

2. Amazon-Ucayali-Apurímac River
The 2nd longest river is 4,000 miles Approximately 6,400 km. The river supports the world’s largest rainforest and the richest variety of plants and animals on Earth. Thousands of species of fish live in its waters, with many still being discovered.

3. Yangtze River
Approximately 3,915 miles, 6,300 km long. The Large cities such as Chongqing, Wuhan, and Shanghai sit along its banks. The river also has the world’s largest hydroelectric dam, the Three Gorges Dam.

4. Mississippi-Missouri-Red Rock River
Approximately 3,710 miles (5,971 km) long, the river system supports cities, farmlands, and wildlife across the central United States. Its waters create rich wetlands, marshes, and forests that support thousands of species.

5. Yenisey-Baikal-Selenga River
Approximately 3,442 miles (5,540 km) long, the river passes through forests, mountains, and frozen plains, with many people relying on it for power, transportation, and fishing. It is home to dozens of native fish species, including several found nowhere else.

6. Yellow River (Huang He)
Approximately 3,395 miles (5,464 km), the river carries a large amount of yellow silt, which gives it its name. This silt creates fertile farmland but can also cause dangerous flooding.

7. Ob-Irtysh River
Approximately 3,362 miles (5,410 km) long. The river is born out of the merger of the Biya and the Katun rivers and empties into the Arctic Ocean. It provides water for farming, drinking, and power production across Siberia.

8. Paraná River
Approximately 3,032 miles (4,880 km) long, the river gives rise to the Paraná River Basin, providing water to major cities, including São Paulo, Asunción, and Buenos Aires, among others. It also helps sustain the Pantanal, the largest wetland in the world.

9. Congo River
Approximately 2,900 miles (4,700 km) long, many countries depend on the Congo for transportation. The river is home to hundreds of fish species, many found nowhere else on Earth.

10. Amur-Argun River
Approximately 2,761 miles (4,444 km) long, the Amur is the longest undammed river in the Eastern Hemisphere, flowing freely through grasslands, forests, and even areas of tundra. The river supports many species, including rare fish found only in this region.

Top Countries with Most Data Centers in the World

The Data centers are secure, specialized physical facilities that house IT infrastructure (servers, storage systems, and networking equipment) to store, manage, and process vast amounts of digital data. They are critical to modern digital operations, including cloud computing, AI, and internet services. They require high-capacity power, cooling systems, and strict security to operate efficiently.

1. United States
The US hosts the world’s largest concentration of data centers around 4,165 Data Centers, driven by major cloud providers such as Amazon, Microsoft, and Google. Many facilities are clustered in Northern Virginia, Silicon Valley, Dallas, and Chicago, regions that offer strong connectivity and large energy supplies. Source: Visual Capitalist, Statista, Quartz

2. United Kingdom
The UK’s data center network is centered around London and the surrounding Southeast region around 499 Data Centers, where financial and cloud services dominate. Strong connectivity and established tech infrastructure make it a hub for European operations.

3. Germany
Germany’s facilities are mainly located in Frankfurt around 487 Data Centers, which serves as Europe’s largest internet exchange point. The country’s central location, economic policies, and reliable power supplies have encouraged continued investment.

4. China
China’s data center growth supports its expanding e-commerce, social media, and cloud computing sectors. Major hubs include Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, around 381 Data Centers, along with emerging centers supported by government initiatives.

5. France
France’s largest concentration of data centers is in the Paris region around 321 Data Centers, supporting finance, telecom, and government institutions. Some regions have raised concerns about water use, especially during hot spells in summer.

6. Canada
Canadian data centers are spread across Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver, around 293 Data Centers, with colder climates helping reduce cooling costs. The country’s renewable energy resources make it attractive for operators who are after lower carbon footprints.

7. Australia
Australia’s facilities are mainly concentrated around Sydney and Melbourne, around 274 Data Centers, supporting finance, government, and cloud services. Power availability and heat management are becoming major concerns, with several states urging operators to adopt greener energy strategies.

8. India
India’s rapid growth is tied to rising internet access, digital payments, and cloud adoption around 271 Data Centers. Cities like Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad have become major hubs due to government incentives, growing research centers, and foreign investment.

9. Japan
Japan’s data centers are concentrated in Tokyo and Osaka around 242 Data Centers, serving a dense urban population and advanced tech sector. Earthquake-resistant construction and strict safety standards influence how facilities are built.

10. Italy
Italy’s data center footprint is centered in Milan around 209 Data Centers, which benefits from strong connectivity and access to financial institutions. Demand is rising as businesses adopt cloud services and digital tools.

The world's longest walkable route

The world's longest walkable route is a 22,387km (Approximately 14,000 mile) path from Cape Town, South Africa, to Magadan, Russia, crossing 16-17 countries without needing boats or planes, though it's considered a theoretical route never completed due to extreme logistics, visa hurdles, and dangers. This epic journey involves crossing 6 time zones and every season, potentially taking over 560 days of walking 8 hours daily, and highlights challenges like harsh climates and political instability. You could follow it entirely on foot, you can see the landscapes you would encounter on the world's longest hiking trail.

The World’s Most Breathtaking Walled Cities

Since ancient times, humans have built walls to safeguard their homes and communities from attack. While many famous fortified cities such as Jericho and Troy have crumbled over time, plenty of characterful towns and cities remain with their age-old walls intact. From hilltop citadels to fortified coastal enclaves, scoured the world to find the most captivating walled cities, ranked them for their beauty.

1. Dubrovnik, Croatia

Towering above the dazzlingly blue waters of the Adriatic, the sturdy medieval walls of Dubrovnik are a truly astounding sight. These magnificent walls were built in the 13th century, with some reinforcements added in the 15th century, to protect it from the Ottoman Turks.

Now world-famous for its starring role as King’s Landing in HBO’s Game of Thrones, the near-perfectly preserved walled town ranks as one of Europe’s most beautiful cities. It’s possible to do a circuit of the arresting battlements, which offer amazing views of the old town’s terracotta rooftops, passageways, Baroque churches and out to sea. It was a close-run thing but, for us, this place had to rank number one.

2. Carcassonne, France

This handsome hilltop city on the banks of the River Aude in France’s Languedoc region is the largest walled medieval city in Europe. Built on Roman remains, the Cite de Carcassonne (old town) is encircled by two outer walls that loom over the narrow alleyways and hidden corners within. 

With 52 towers and barbicans, the walls were highly innovative at the time and designed to prevent attack by siege engines. They were restored in the 19th century by architect Eugene Viollet-le-Duc so look remarkably pristine. A circuit walk now loops around the battlements.


3. Pingyao, China

Pingyao in Shanxi province is one of China’s most remarkable ancient cities and now a UNESCO World Heritage site. The wealthy trading center and once powerful financial center (as the home to China's first banks), is famed for its commanding and intact walls, old courtyard houses and temples.

The walls were first built during the reign of King Xuan (827–782 BC) of the Western Zhou Dynasty and later rebuilt in the 14th century. There are 72 observation towers and more than 300 battlements, although only one of the four original corner grand watchtowers, the Great Scholar Tower, remains.

4. Taroudant, Morocco

With its majestic ramparts and towers that have stood for more than five centuries, Taroudant – short-lived capital of the Saadian dynasty – is one of North Africa's most beautiful spots. Sometimes known as 'Little Marrakech', due to its distinctive blend of Berber and Islamic influences, the small city's stunning red-mud walls hide a labyrinth of historic streets, squares and souks that sizzle with shopping opportunities. 

If you're after an authentic Moroccan trading town experience in the fertile Souss Valley, without the hassle of dodging tourists, this lesser-known gem is a wonderful place to spend some time. The views of the Atlas Mountains aren't bad either.

5. York, England, UK

Heaving with historic nooks and crannies, York has the longest medieval town walls in England at 2.1 miles long. They mainly date from the 13th century but were built on far older defences. The Romans first built walls here, which the Vikings later covered in earth and topped with a palisade (fence of pointed wooden stakes). 

It's possible to walk all around the walls, passing fascinating details such as arrow slits, musket loops, sculptures and masons' marks. Four main ‘bars’ (or fortified gateways) allowed entry into the old city, as well as two lesser bars and a postern (a small gateway defended by a tower).

6. Mdina, Malta

Another fine example of a walled city lies in Malta, in the country's Western Region. Former capital Mdina sits perched on a plateau and is hidden behind thick fortifications. 

Known as the Silent City, it was founded by the Phoenicians and there's evidence that walls circled the settlement as far back as 1000 BC. Today it's a place of great beauty and culture with a mix of medieval and baroque architecture, tangle of narrow alleys and grand palaces that remain home to wealthy Maltese families.

7. Obidos, Portugal

Hugged by castellated medieval walls, hilltop Obidos is one of Portugal’s prettiest towns. Given as a wedding present by King Dinis to Isabel of Aragon in 1282, the citadel is filled with little churches, white-washed homes (adorned with flower-filled window boxes) and a maze of narrow cobbled alleys.

Dating from the 14th century, much of the original walls remain and can be walked along via a narrow walkway. The town is dominated by the 12th-century castle, which is the setting for a delightful pousada (inn).

8. Xi’an, China

Built in 1370, the mighty 39-foot-high Ming Dynasty walls of Xi'an – capital of several ruling dynasties and powerful trade center – still exude defensive might. Running for 8.5 miles, the walls feature 98 flanking towers (where soldiers stood watch for enemies scaling the walls) and a watchtower at each of its four corners.

There was once a moat and drawbridge which made the old city completely impenetrable. Today walking or cycling along the wide path on top of the walls is one of Xi'an's most popular things to do.

9. Rothenburg-ob-der-Tauber, Germany

Walking the walls that wrap around Rothenburg-ob-der-Tauber is a top attraction of this picture-perfect town in Bavaria, with its half-timbered houses and grand medieval town hall. Situated on the scenic ‘Romantic Road’, the town developed around its fortress and became a powerful city – it had the coveted status of being an autonomous imperial city, or Reichsstadt, from 1274 until 1803. 

The town’s intact walls, with their many towers and fortified gates, are among the finest in Germany.

10. Tallinn, Estonia

The tiny old town of Tallinn, protected for centuries by its practical yet pretty fortifications with fairytale towers, remains almost perfectly preserved. Inside the walls (much of which are still standing) lies a labyrinthine network of narrow cobbled passages, squares and timbered merchant houses dating back to the 13th century.

Set on the Baltic coast, Estonia’s capital was a thriving Hanseatic trading center during the Middle Ages.

FIFA to broadcast World Cup match schedule on Saturday.

FIFA will unveil the full, updated match schedule for the 2026 World Cup in a live global broadcast on Saturday, December 6, 2025, at 12:00 EST (17:00 GMT). The announcement will take place the day after the Final Draw.

The broadcast will confirm the venues and kick-off times for all 104 matches of the expanded 48-team tournament, which will be held across 16 cities in the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

Key Details:
Final Draw Date: Friday, December 5, 2025, at 12:00 local time (17:00 GMT). 

Match Schedule Announcement Date: Saturday, December 6, 2025, at 12:00 EST (17:00 GMT).

Location: Both events will be held in Washington, D.C.

Broadcast: The announcement will be available to stream live on FIFA.com and other official FIFA channels.

The original match schedule, which determined host city allocations and the final/opening match locations, was previously announced in February 2024. The full, detailed schedule for specific team matchups will be confirmed after the draw and announced on December 6. The final version of the schedule will be available in March 2026 once the remaining six play-off slots have been filled.

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Moroccan Defender Hakimi Wins African Footballer of the Year 2025

Paris St Germain’s Achraf Hakimi was named African Footballer of the Year at the 2025 CAF Awards in Rabat on 19th November 2025 the first defender to claim the prize in 52 years as he finished ahead of Mohamed Salah and Victor Osimhen in the voting.

Moroccan right back Hakimi was rewarded for a trophy-laden 2025 with PSG in which he claimed the Champions League, Ligue 1 title, Coupe de France and UEFA Super Cup.

He is the first Moroccan to win the award since midfielder Mustapha Hadji in 1998, and the first defender since Zaire centre back Bwanga Tshimen in 1973.

“It is really a proud moment for me to win this prestigious award,” Hakimi said. “This trophy is not just for me, but all the strong men and women who have dreams of being a footballer in Africa.

“And for those that always believed in me since I was a child, that I would be a professional footballer one day. I would like to thank them all.”

Morocco swept several other awards, including Women’s Footballer of the Year for Saudi-based forward Ghizlane Chebbak and Goalkeeper of the Year for Al-Hilal’s Yassine Bounou.

The Women’s Goalkeeper of the Year was claimed for the third time in a row by Nigeria’s Chiamaka Nnadozie, who recently made the move to Brighton & Hove Albion in the Women’s Super League.

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FIFA World Cup 2026 Qualified countries

The FIFA World Cup 2026 is scheduled to take place across the United States, Canada and Mexico. The first match will be played in Mexico City on June 11, while the final will be staged in New Jersey, US, on July 19.

The football fans around the world are counting down the days to the 2026 World Cup, which promises to be a spectacular event, with 28 countries already qualified. Let's take a look at which countries already booked their tickets.

There were 12 groups of four or five teams, playing home and away matches. The group-stage qualifying process ended with a doubleheader in November. The 12 group winners qualified directly for the World Cup, with the 12 runners-up entering the playoff system.

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Saudi Arabia hold the world's record for longest straight road

A road in Saudi Arabia holds the world record for being the longest straight road on the planet for 240 kilometers (149 miles) without a single bend, taking the title from Australia. 

The Saudi Arabia’s Highway 10 holds the Guinness World Record as the longest straight road on Earth, stretching an incredible 240 kilometers (about 149 miles) without a single bend or curve. 

This Engineering marvel cuts directly through the Arabian desert, offering travelers a surreal view of endless sand dunes on both sides.

Originally constructed as a private road for King Fahd, the route connects the remote town of Haradh to Highway 95. Despite its simplicity, building such a long, perfectly straight road across shifting desert sands required advanced surveying techniques and durable road materials designed to withstand extreme temperatures and wind erosion.

Today, the highway is more than just a record-breaking stretch of asphalt — it’s a symbol of Saudi Arabia’s ambition to conquer the desert through infrastructure innovation. The road stands as a testament to the country’s ongoing modernization efforts and commitment to connecting even its most isolated regions. 

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Top 10 fastest trains in the world

1) Shanghai Maglev - 460 kph/286 mph in China

The Shanghai Maglev is the world's fastest train ranked by top speed and the only passenger train in the world that uses magnetic levitation (Maglev).

2) CR400 'Fuxing': 350 kph/217 mph in China
The CR400 "Fuxing" trains run at a commercial maximum of 350 km per hour (217 mph) and have even reached test speeds of 420 km (260 mph) per hour! The trains were developed based on technology used in high-speed trains in Europe and Japan.

3) ICE3: 330 kph/205 mph - Germany
Germans are known for their speed and efficiency, so it is no surprise that the world's third fastest train can be found in this country.

4) TGV: 320 kph/198.5 mph - France
The French train company TGV runs trains between Paris, Eastern France, London, and Southern Germany.

5) JR East E5 - 320 kph/198.5 mph - Japan
The world owes Japan for introducing the concept of a new era of high-speed trains in 1964. Japan is a well-respected leader in the world of high-speed railways regarding speed, capacity, and safety.

6) 'Al Boraq': 320 kph/198.5 mph - Morocco
Morocco is proud to have Africa's first and only high-speed railway: Al Boraq. The trains link Tangier with Casablanca and can reach the impressive speed of 320 km per hour (198.5 mph).

7) AVE S-103: 310 kph/193 mph - Spain
France helped Spain to join the ranks of countries offering transportation in high-speed trains in 1992 with its TGV technology.

8) Trenitalia ETR1000: 360 kph/223.6 mph - Italy
Italian State Railways' Frecciarossa, or the "Red Arrow" in English, are a series of high-speed trains introduced in 2017.

9) KTX-I High-Speed Railway: 305 kph/190 mph - South Korea
In 2004 South Korea made expanding its network of high-speed trains a priority, and with the help of the French TGV technology, it now has an impressive network of high-speed railways.

10) Haramain High-Speed Railway: 300 kph/186 mph - KSA 
When you think of Saudi Arabia, you may not immediately think of high-speed trains, but the Haramain High-Speed Railway (HHR) is the fastest way to travel between Mecca and Medina.

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Health benefits of eating Cucumbers regularly

Cucumbers are a refreshing, low-calorie food loaded with nutrients, antioxidants, and beneficial plant compounds that help lower blood sugar, prevent constipation, and aid in weight management.

Nutritional value
The Cucumbers are made up of 96% water. To maximize their nutritional value, it is best to eat them with the skin on. Peeling them reduces the amount of fiber as well as some vitamins and minerals.

Cucumbers are low in calories but packed with essential vitamins and minerals, U.S. health and wellness website Healthline said. A fresh 301-gram cucumber with skin provides 45 calories, 0.3 grams of fat, 11 grams of carbohydrates, 2 grams of protein, and 1.5 grams of fiber. It also contains 8 grams of vitamin C, 49 micrograms of vitamin K, 39 micrograms of magnesium, 442 milligrams of potassium, and 0.2 milligrams of manganese.

Rich in antioxidants
Antioxidants are molecules that prevent oxidation, a chemical reaction that produces highly reactive atoms called free radicals. Over time, these harmful radicals can accumulate and cause chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, lung disorders, and autoimmune conditions.

Cucumbers, is rich in beneficial antioxidants that help reduce the risk of these illnesses. The antioxidant properties of cucumbers come mainly from flavonoids and tannins; compounds that help neutralize harmful free radicals.

Lowers blood sugar
Regular consumption of cucumbers may help reduce blood sugar levels and prevent certain diabetes-related complications. Their antioxidant properties also help minimize oxidative stress, which is linked to the progression of diabetes.

Improves digestion
Dehydration is a leading cause of constipation as it affects the body’s fluid balance and makes stool harder to pass. The high water and fiber content in cucumbers promote hydration and help maintain regular bowel movements. Pectin, a soluble fiber found in cucumbers, also supports gut health by increasing stool frequency and feeding beneficial gut bacteria.

Benefits the skin
Eating cucumbers helps hydrate the skin and may reduce wrinkles. Putting cucumber slices over the eyes can help reduce puffiness. Cucumbers are generally safe for topical use, but it is advisable to test on a small area first to avoid irritation.

Promotes hydration
Water plays a vital role in regulating body temperature and transporting waste and nutrients. Staying hydrated can improve various bodily functions, including metabolism and physical performance. While drinking water is essential, foods like fruits and vegetables also contribute to daily fluid intake.

Supports weight loss
Cucumbers can help you lose weight in a few ways. They are very low in calories, about 16 calories per 104 grams, or 45 calories for a 300-gram cucumber, so you can enjoy them freely without worrying about weight gain. Their high-water content and refreshing taste make them a great addition to salads, sandwiches, and side dishes, or as a substitute for higher-calorie options.

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The world largest man-made forest

The Saihanba National Forest Park, Hebei province of China is considered the world's largest man-made forest, covering over 760 SQ KM and transforming a once-barren desert into a thriving ecosystem. It was created through an extensive, multi-generational afforestation project that began in 1962 to combat desertification threatening northern China. 

It’s a Main purpose China to create a "green lung" and environmental shield for northern China, protecting against sandstorms. The area was severely degraded due to overgrazing, logging, and war, turning it into a desert. The project's success earned China's Saihanba afforestation community the UN's Champion of the Earth award in 2017. Also, the modern projects focus on resilience through planting mixed forests and greening difficult terrains, with survival rates above 98% on some rocky slopes.

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The countries with highest consumption of Tea

Tea is one of the most universal beverages on the planet. It transcends borders, languages, and generations, and has become an everyday ritual that manages to feel both ordinary and sacred. Tea is certainly one of the only drinks that can warm both the hands and the soul.

Some nations across the globe have been brewing tea leaves for thousands of years, and there are certainly different ways to prepare them. From black tea mixed with honey and lemon to green infusions steeped with mint, there is tradition poured into every cup.

Below are the countries boast the highest annual tea consumption? Sources: (Statista) (Britannica) (Epicure & Culture) (Smithsonian Magazine) (Food & Wine) (Michelin Guide) (National Geographic)

1. Turkey
Tea is the lifeblood of Turkish social culture, where the beverage is called çay. Turks drink more tea than anyone else on the planet, around 6.96lb (3.16kg) per person annually, often served in small tulip-shaped glasses as a gesture of hospitality.

2. Ireland
The Irish is among the world’s biggest tea drinkers, averaging multiple cups a day. Strong black tea with milk (Irish Breakfast style) is a household staple, contributing to a consumption of 5.21lb (2.36kg) per capita each year.

3. Azerbaijan
Due to the influence of Islam, tea is a major symbol of hospitality in Azerbaijan. It’s traditionally served in pear-shaped armudu glasses alongside sugar or preserves. Azerbaijanis rank among the top tea drinkers, at 4.63lb (2.1kg) per capita annually.

4. United Kingdom
Famed for its tea tradition, from Victorian afternoon tea to today’s beloved “builder’s brew,” tea remains the UK’s favorite drink. The average Briton drinks a few cups daily, totaling 4.01lb (1.82kg) per person each year.

5. Iran
Tea has long been the national drink of Iran, served strong and without milk. Traditionally, Iranians sip black tea through a lump of rock sugar held in the mouth. Annual per capita consumption is 3.3lb (1.5kg).

6. Pakistan
In Pakistan, chai (milky spiced tea) is a national obsession. Strong black tea boiled with milk and sugar forms doodh pati or masala chai, which is enjoyed multiple times a day. Per capita consumption is around 3.3lb (1.5kg).

7. Russia
Tea became a staple in Russia after arriving from China in the 17th century. Metal containers known as samovars are ubiquitously used to brew strong tea concentrate (called zavarka), and Russians often drink black tea with lemon or jam. Per capita consumption is 3.05lb (1.38kg).

8. Morocco
The national drink in Morocco is Maghrebi mint tea, a sweet green tea steeped with fresh mint. Serving it is a ritual of hospitality. Many Moroccans enjoy multiple small glasses daily, averaging 2.68lb (1.22kg) per capita per year.

9. New Zealand
Tea arrived in New Zealand with British settlers and became a daily habit. Kiwis affectionately call it a “cuppa” and often pause for tea breaks during the day, which keeps consumption high at 2.63lb (1.19kg) per person annually.

10. Chile
A unique tea time ritual called la once is ingrained in Chilean culture. Many families have a light evening meal of bread and sweets with tea, contributing to a per capita consumption of 2.62lb (1.19kg).

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India set to host 2030 Commonwealth Games

India is set to host the centenary Commonwealth Games in 2030, the second time in 20 years that the event will have been held in the world's most populous nation.

The city of Ahmedabad in the west of the country has been chosen ahead of Abuja in Nigeria by an evaluation commission from governing body Commonwealth Sport.

And the decision to hold the Games there in five years’ time is now expected to be ratified at the organization’s general assembly in Glasgow on 26 November.

Ahmedabad can boast the Narendra Modi Stadium - the largest in the world, with a capacity of 132,000 - which hosted the Cricket World Cup final in 2023.

The city has a population in excess of five million people, and has even been suggested as a potential bidder to host a future Olympic Games.

"We see the 2030 Games as a powerful opportunity to inspire our youth, strengthen international partnerships and contribute to a shared future across the Commonwealth," said Dr. P T Usha, president of Commonwealth Games Association India.

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Top 10 countries that consume the most Sugar

Do you know how much sugar your country consumes? For some nations, eating treats begins first thing in the morning with a pastry and coffee. For others, sugar barely makes it into their diet. Either way, across the world, sugar consumption is on the rise.

Just in 2025, an estimated 177.33 million metric tons of sugar is projected to be consumed by humans. This amounts to a nearly 15% rise since 2011, with numbers set to increase even further.

01. United States
The biggest consumer of sugar in the world is the United States. America takes the number one spot by quite a stretch, consuming 24 grams (0.85 ounces) of sugar more per day than Germans.

2. Germany
If you’ve ever been to Germany, you’ve surely been tempted by the scent of freshly baked goods. Nearly half of the population eats dessert on a daily basis and average a sugar intake of 102.9 grams (3.6 ounces).

3. The Netherlands
The Dutch are the third-largest consumers of sugar in the world. The average daily consumption is about 102.5 grams (3.5 ounces) per person.

4. Ireland
The Irish are particularly fond of sugary drinks. The nation’s residents purchase over 411 million liters (109 million gallons) of sugar on an annual basis.

5. Australia
Australians take the fifth spot on the list of countries that consume the most sugar. The average Australian ingests 95.6 grams (3.4 ounces) of sugar per day.

6. Belgium
It's no secret that Belgian chocolate is iconic. Therefore, it makes sense that the majority of the nation’s consumption comes from confectionery treats.

7. United Kingdom
The United Kingdom comes in as the seventh-largest consumer of sugar in the world. Each person in the UK consumes about 93.2 grams (3.3 ounces) of sugar per day.

8. Mexico
Mexico, which has earned the moniker "Coca-Cola Nation," is the eighth-biggest sugar consumer in the world, mostly from sugary drinks.

9. Finland
Approximately one-fifth of all sugar consumption in Finland comes from sugary drinks. Can you guess how much sugar the average Finn consumes on a daily basis?

10. Canada
Canadians are the 10th highest sugar consumers in the world. Statistics show that nearly two-thirds of Canadians consume more than the daily recommended amount of sugar.

Windows 10 support ends Oct 2025; Upgrade to Windows 11

Microsoft is ending support for its Windows 10 operating system, which means from Wednesday 14 October, these computers may be at risk. This is because security updates will stop, making devices more vulnerable to attack.

Microsoft is encouraging people to upgrade for free to Windows 11 - but not all computers will be able to do that.

“The end of support for Windows 10 is shaping up to be a disaster for both consumers and the environment,” said Nathan Proctor, senior director at US consumer group PIRG.

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Christiano Ronaldo becomes world’s first billionaire footballer

Cristiano Ronaldo has become the first footballer to reach billionaire status, according to the latest Billionaires Index, which has valued the Portugal great’s net worth at an estimated $1.4bn. 

The 40-year-old striker’s financial ascent comes after he signed a new contract with the Saudi Arabian side Al-Nassr in June reportedly worth more than $400m. 

Ronaldo had earned more than $550m in salary from 2002 to 2023, supplemented by a decade-long Nike deal worth nearly $18m annually and lucrative endorsements with Armani, Castrol and others that added more than $175m to his fortune. 

Ronaldo’s move to Al-Nassr from Manchester United in 2023 had already made him the highest paid player in football history with an annual salary of 177 million pounds ($237.52m) plus bonuses and a reported 15 percent share in his Saudi club. 

Ronaldo’s billionaire status places him among a rare group of athletes that includes basketball greats Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson and LeBron James; golfer Tiger Woods; and tennis player Roger Federer. 

Ronaldo suggested he is not considering retirement any time soon.

“I still have a passion for this,” he said at the Portugal Football Globes gala on Tuesday. “My family says it’s time to quit, and they ask me why I want to score 1,000 goals if I’ve already scored 900-something. But I don’t think that way inside. 

“I’m still producing good things. I’m helping my club and the national team. Why not continue? I am sure that when I finish, I will leave full because I gave everything of myself. I know I don’t have many years left to play, but the few I have left, I have to enjoy them to the fullest.”

Top 5 fruits with highest vitamin C content

According to Healthline, vitamin C plays a crucial role in several bodily functions. It supports the immune system, protects the body from oxidative stress, and helps treat scurvy, which causes symptoms like weakness, slow wound healing, and bruising.

Vitamin C also assists in the production and maintenance of collagen, L-carnitine (which helps convert fat into energy), neurotransmitters (which transmit signals in the nervous system), and the absorption of plant-based iron.

The Mayo Clinic reports that experts recommend women get 75 mg of vitamin C daily, while men should aim for 90 mg. Pregnant women should target 85 mg per day.

Here are the top 5 fruits with the highest vitamin C content to consider adding to your diet.

1. Guava
100 grams of guava provides 228mg of vitamin C. The fruits not only boast an impressive vitamin C content but also offers other health benefits, such as improved blood sugar control, better heart health, healthier bowel movements, weight loss support, and skin protection.

2. Bell pepper
100g of bell pepper provides 128mg of vitamin C. Bell peppers are also known for supporting eye health and boosting immunity, in addition to their high vitamin C levels.

3. Kiwi
100g of kiwi provides 93mg vitamin C. The fruit is a great source of vitamin C and also helps protect against heart disease while promoting digestive health.

4. Papaya
100g of papaya provides 61mg of vitamin C. Papaya helps neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, improve digestion by aiding protein breakdown, and support skin health.

5. Strawberry
100g of strawberry provides 59mg of vitamin C. Strawberries also offer numerous other health benefits, including neutralizing free radicals, reducing inflammation, improving insulin sensitivity, protecting skin, alleviating pain and swelling from osteoarthritis, promoting heart health, aiding gut health, and supporting brain health, according to WebMD.